![]() In computing, IIf (an abbreviation for Immediate if) is a function in several editions of the Visual Basic programming language and ColdFusion Markup Language (CFML. Returns one of two values, depending on whether the Boolean expression evaluates to true or false in SQL Server 2012. In SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS), you can create reports that automatically morph based on who is viewing them. CASE (Transact- SQL) | Microsoft Docs. THIS TOPIC APPLIES TO: SQL Server (starting with 2. Azure SQL Database. Azure SQL Data Warehouse Parallel Data Warehouse Evaluates a list of conditions and returns one of multiple possible result expressions. The StrToSet returns specified by the supplied string. - Get more information about the StrToSet function at MDXpert.com - MDX, Analysis Services, and Business. The CASE expression has two formats: The simple CASE expression compares an expression to a set of simple expressions to determine the result. The searched CASE expression evaluates a set of Boolean expressions to determine the result. Both formats support an optional ELSE argument. CASE can be used in any statement or clause that allows a valid expression. For example, you can use CASE in statements such as SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE and SET, and in clauses such as select_list, IN, WHERE, ORDER BY, and HAVING. Transact- SQL Syntax Conventions. Syntax- - Syntax for SQL Server and Azure SQL Database. Simple CASE expression. CASE input_expression. WHEN when_expression THEN result_expression [ .. ELSE else_result_expression ]. Searched CASE expression. WHEN Boolean_expression THEN result_expression [ .. ELSE else_result_expression ]. Syntax for Azure SQL Data Warehouse and Parallel Data Warehouse. WHEN when_expression THEN result_expression [ .. ELSE else_result_expression ]. Argumentsinput_expression. Is the expression evaluated when the simple CASE format is used. WHEN when_expression. Is a simple expression to which input_expression is compared when the simple CASE format is used. The data types of input_expression and each when_expression must be the same or must be an implicit conversion. THEN result_expression. Is the expression returned when input_expression equals when_expression evaluates to TRUE, or Boolean_expression evaluates to TRUE. ELSE else_result_expression. Is the expression returned if no comparison operation evaluates to TRUE. If this argument is omitted and no comparison operation evaluates to TRUE, CASE returns NULL. The data types of else_result_expression and any result_expression must be the same or must be an implicit conversion. WHEN Boolean_expression. Is the Boolean expression evaluated when using the searched CASE format. Boolean_expression is any valid Boolean expression. Return Types Returns the highest precedence type from the set of types in result_expressions and the optional else_result_expression. For more information, see Data Type Precedence (Transact- SQL). Return Values. Simple CASE expression: The simple CASE expression operates by comparing the first expression to the expression in each WHEN clause for equivalency. If these expressions are equivalent, the expression in the THEN clause will be returned. Allows only an equality check. In the order specified, evaluates input_expression = when_expression for each WHEN clause. Returns the result_expression of the first input_expression = when_expression that evaluates to TRUE. If no input_expression = when_expression evaluates to TRUE, the SQL Server Database Engine returns the else_result_expression if an ELSE clause is specified, or a NULL value if no ELSE clause is specified. Searched CASE expression: Evaluates, in the order specified, Boolean_expression for each WHEN clause. Returns result_expression of the first Boolean_expression that evaluates to TRUE. If no Boolean_expression evaluates to TRUE, the Database Engine returns the else_result_expression if an ELSE clause is specified, or a NULL value if no ELSE clause is specified. SQL Server allows for only 1. CASE expressions. The CASE expression cannot be used to control the flow of execution of Transact- SQL statements, statement blocks, user- defined functions, and stored procedures. For a list of control- of- flow methods, see Control- of- Flow Language (Transact- SQL). The CASE statement evaluates its conditions sequentially and stops with the first condition whose condition is satisfied. In some situations, an expression is evaluated before a CASE statement receives the results of the expression as its input. Errors in evaluating these expressions are possible. Aggregate expressions that appear in WHEN arguments to a CASE statement are evaluated first, then provided to the CASE statement. For example, the following query produces a divide by zero error when producing the value of the MAX aggregate. This occurs prior to evaluating the CASE expression. WITH Data (value) AS. WHEN MIN(value) < = 0 THEN 0. WHEN MAX(1/value) > = 1. THEN 1. You should only depend on order of evaluation of the WHEN conditions for scalar expressions (including non- correlated sub- queries that return scalars), not for aggregate expressions. Examples. A. Using a SELECT statement with a simple CASE expression Within a SELECT statement, a simple CASE expression allows for only an equality check; no other comparisons are made. The following example uses the CASE expression to change the display of product line categories to make them more understandable. USE Adventure. Works. SELECT Product. Number, Category =. CASE Product. Line. WHEN 'R' THEN 'Road'. WHEN 'M' THEN 'Mountain'. WHEN 'T' THEN 'Touring'. WHEN 'S' THEN 'Other sale items'. ELSE 'Not for sale'. FROM Production. Product. ORDER BY Product. Number. B. Using a SELECT statement with a searched CASE expression Within a SELECT statement, the searched CASE expression allows for values to be replaced in the result set based on comparison values. The following example displays the list price as a text comment based on the price range for a product. USE Adventure. Works. SELECT Product. Number, Name, "Price Range" =. WHEN List. Price = 0 THEN 'Mfg item - not for resale'. WHEN List. Price < 5. THEN 'Under $5. 0'. WHEN List. Price > = 5. List. Price < 2. THEN 'Under $2. 50'. WHEN List. Price > = 2. List. Price < 1. THEN 'Under $1. 00. ELSE 'Over $1. 00.FROM Production. Product.ORDER BY Product.Number . C. Using CASE in an ORDER BY clause The following examples uses the CASE expression in an ORDER BY clause to determine the sort order of the rows based on a given column value. Windows 7 Build 7137 Hungarian Currency . In the first example, the value in the Salaried. Flag column of the Human. Resources. Employee table is evaluated. Employees that have the Salaried. Flag set to 1 are returned in order by the Business. Entity. ID in descending order. Employees that have the Salaried. Flag set to 0 are returned in order by the Business. Entity. ID in ascending order. In the second example, the result set is ordered by the column Territory. Name when the column Country. Region. Name is equal to 'United States' and by Country. Region. Name for all other rows. SELECT Business. Entity. ID, Salaried. Flag. FROM Human. Resources. Employee. ORDER BY CASE Salaried. Flag WHEN 1 THEN Business. Entity. ID END DESC. CASE WHEN Salaried. Flag = 0 THEN Business. Entity. ID END. SELECT Business. Entity. ID, Last. Name, Territory. Name, Country. Region. Name. FROM Sales. Sales. Person. WHERE Territory. Name IS NOT NULL. ORDER BY CASE Country. Region. Name WHEN 'United States' THEN Territory. Name. ELSE Country. Region. Name END. D. Using CASE in an UPDATE statement The following example uses the CASE expression in an UPDATE statement to determine the value that is set for the column Vacation. Hours for employees with Salaried. Flag set to 0. When subtracting 1. Vacation. Hours results in a negative value, Vacation. Hours is increased by 4. Vacation. Hours is increased by 2. The OUTPUT clause is used to display the before and after vacation values. USE Adventure. Works. UPDATE Human. Resources. Employee. SET Vacation. Hours =. WHEN ((Vacation. Hours - 1. 0. 0. 0) < 0) THEN Vacation. Hours + 4. 0. ELSE (Vacation. Hours + 2. 0. 0. 0). OUTPUT Deleted. Business. Entity. ID, Deleted. Vacation. Hours AS Before. Value. Inserted. Vacation. Hours AS After. Value. WHERE Salaried. Flag = 0. E. Using CASE in a SET statement The following example uses the CASE expression in a SET statement in the table- valued function dbo. Get. Contact. Info. In the Adventure. Works. 20. 12 database, all data related to people is stored in the Person. Person table. For example, the person may be an employee, vendor representative, or a customer. The function returns the first and last name of a given Business. Entity. ID and the contact type for that person. The CASE expression in the SET statement determines the value to display for the column Contact. Type based on the existence of the Business. Entity. ID column in the Employee, Vendor, or Customer tables. USE Adventure. Works. CREATE FUNCTION dbo. Get. Contact. Information(@Business. Entity. ID int). RETURNS @ret. Contact. Information TABLE. Business. Entity. ID int NOT NULL. First. SOLUTION] How do I compare dates in SQL Reporting Services using the IIf Expression Builder. I am trying to compare dates that are in field in a dataset "Created" This Field reports the date in this format: 2. I added a Calculated Field to a Dataset and named it "Sum. Total. Processed. FY" and defined the expression in the Field Property as the following: =IIf(Fields! Created. Value > 2. I want to find out how many dates in thisfield that are > 0. In the Report, I have a table and in the cell where I want to place the output of this expression I used this expression: =Sum(Fields! Sum. Total. Processed. FY. Value)hoping this would provide me with a total of those records that met the criteria of > July 1, 2. When I preview the Report it displays error. Looking for suggestions as I have several date fields to compare in this project.
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